Is this one of the most important experiments that provides evidence on the mode of transmission of Covid-19?
Further evidence for the mode of transmission of covid-19
Is this one of the most important experiments that provides evidence on the mode of transmission of Covid-19?
In previous articles (Ref -1,2,3,4,5,6) I provided empirical evidence that specific conditions of UV light are key to the selection of covid-19 mutations and the triggering of highly infectious individuals. This hypothesis was an extension to the work of Robert Edgar-Hope Simspon (REHS) and D.B Gobulev (Ref -7) on the mode of transmission of influenza.
This hypothesis may be summarised as follows;
Respiratory viruses such as covid-19 are in a continuous battle with the host species immune defences.
For a virus to survive it needs to continually mutate to provide options that generate an advantage over the host’s immune defences in order to allow it to further replicate and transmit to an external host. In order to mutate it needs to invade the host cells and hijack replication systems.
If a population is exposed to a sufficiently “novel” virus that has significant capacity to evade the current state of the human immune defences, in terms of infection, replication and transmission, it will spread rapidly within the population. Because the population immune defences are blind to this novel virus there have limited reactions and severity. As a result covid-19 and other respiratory viruses initially spread extensively within populations and they can exist in a host at a latent or low lytic level. They can replicate and mutate in this state.
Infected individuals then become reactivated / triggered primarily by seasonal and twice daily specific conditions of UV light.
The activation is primarily a two pronged chemical signal that provides feed back to the embedded latent virus on the availability of host cells (quorum sensing) and conditions that are favourable for transmission. These signals provide an ongoing feedback cycle to the virus that select and trigger replication of successful mutations.
The signal for immune escape and external survival is the seasonal and daily emergence of specific conditions of UV light that has the capability to modify exhaled virus and create a trigger signal when re-inhaled by the host.
The combination of these two signals reaches a threshold level and the virus moves to a rapid emergence known as a lytic phase. Healthy infected individuals exhibit minor or no symptoms but they select mutations that have a more severe impact on less healthy individuals particularly if it is a “novel” virus.
The immune systems of the healthy “super spreaders” rapidly deal with the lytic phase of the virus and their immune systems prevent viral escape and so they are only briefly infectious. The immune systems of the secondary cases have not seen this mutation(s) so they have very limited infectious potential.
The healthy maintain a continuous selection advantage of mutations capable of immune escape and through this infection advantage have the capacity, through chemical signalling, to suppress other escaping mutations.
Whilst my previous articles provided extensive evidence supporting this hypothesis there was a lack of specific evidence that certain conditions of UV light impact covid-19 virus ability to infect cells.
However a recent paper published in the Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology (June 2022) (Ref -8), whilst investigating the ability of different wavelengths of UV light to inactivate covid-19 inadvertently made an interesting discovery. This paper used a number of techniques to demonstrate the impact of UV light on the covid-19 virus one of which is a technique known as Fluorescence in Situ Hybridisation (FISH). This technique enables strands of viral RNA to fluoresce when exposed to certain light conditions. Using a protocol that is described in the paper it is possible to ascertain whether the covid-19 viral RNA has entered a cell following exposure to a variety of conditions of UV light. The UV conditions employed in this study are provided in Table 1 below.
As previously stated this study was simply targeting the ability of UV light to inactivate covid-19. What they discovered was that low levels of specific wavelengths of UV light enhance viral RNA entry. The paper specifically states the following;
“Notably at lower UV doses some cells with high levels of vRNA could be detected, suggesting that, rather than inhibiting the capability of the viral genome to replicate, UV-irradiation might affect either virus entry in the cells or the assembly of functional viral particles following the replication of the viral genome.”
Following this interesting observation it is noteworthy that no further investigation was conducted.
This observation is further supporting evidence for the extended REHS hypothesis outlined above.
Whilst this is an in vitro study, under highly specific conditions, there appear to have been adequate controls and the unexpected result is a clear indication that low levels of UV light have a profound impact on the ability of covid-19 RNA to enter cells. The mode of action could be cleaved viral particles providing some advantage to the virus to enter a cell, recombination within the cell, or some other mechanism. Once in the host cell the viral RNA can replicate a specific mutation that has a higher chance of survival through the UV light feedback selection mechanism described above. The fact that covid-19 viral RNA is concentrated in selected cells is intriguing?
Below are some of the supporting images from this paper;
Figure 1
Figure 1 - demonstrates the time course of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA entering VeroE6 cells as identified by Fluorescence In-situ hybridization (FISH) of the (vRNA). There is a clear increase in fluorescence over time with reference to the negative control (hpi – hours post infection).
Figure 2
Figure 2 - the bright signal of the smFISH probes at 24hpi can be clearly seen for the positive control compared with the negative control. The third image provides a magnified detailed square segment that is indicated in the second image.
Figure 3
Figure 3 - exemplary details of 6 × 6 mosaics upon irradiation with different wavelength and doses of UV/Violet light. The elevated level of covid-19 viral RNA cell entry can be clearly seen by the increased fluorescence at the lower Dose 1 UV light levels can be clearly seen when compared to the higher Dose 3 level. UV doses are as indicated in Table 1 above.
References
1. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? Part
2. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? - evidence part 2
3. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? - evidence part 3
4. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? - evidence part 4
5. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? - evidence part 5
6. Were Charles Darwin and Robert Edgar Hope-Simpson right about Covid-19? - evidence part 6 References
7. A new concept of the epidemic process of influenza A virus.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2249185/
8. UV and violet light can Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666469021000920?via%3Dihub